Dalam program bahasa assembly terdapat 2 jenis yang kita tulis dalam program:1. Assembly Directive (yaitu merupakan kode yang menjadi arahan bagi assembler/compiler untuk menata program)
2. Instruksi (yaitu kode yang harus dieksekusi oleh CPU mikrokontroler dengan melakukan operasi tertentu sesuai dengan daftar yang sudah tertanam dalam CPU)
Daftar Assembly Directive
| Assembly Directive | Keterangan |
| EQU | Pendefinisian konstanta |
| DB | Pendefinisian data dengan ukuran satuan 1 byte |
| DW | Pendefinisian data dengan ukuran satuan 1 word |
| DBIT | Pendefinisian data dengan ukuran satuan 1 bit |
| DS | Pemesanan tempat penyimpanan data di RAM |
| ORG | Inisialisasi alamat mulai program |
| END | Penanda akhir program |
| CSEG | Penanda penempatan di code segment |
| XSEG | Penanda penempatan di external data segment |
| DSEG | Penanda penempatan di internal direct data segment |
| ISEG | Penanda penempatan di internal indirect data segment |
| BSEG | Penanda penempatan di bit data segment |
| CODE | Penanda mulai pendefinisian program |
| XDATA | Pendefinisian external data |
| DATA | Pendefinisian internal direct data |
| IDATA | Pendefinisian internal indirect data |
| BIT | Pendefinisian data bit |
| #INCLUDE | Mengikutsertakan file program lain |
Daftar Instruksi
| Instruksi | Keterangan Singkatan |
| ACALL | Absolute Call |
| ADD | Add |
| ADDC | Add with Carry |
| AJMP | Absolute Jump |
| ANL | AND Logic |
| CJNE | Compare and Jump if Not Equal |
| CLR | Clear |
| CPL | Complement |
| DA | Decimal Adjust |
| DEC | Decrement |
| DIV | Divide |
| DJNZ | Decrement and Jump if Not Zero |
| INC | Increment |
| JB | Jump if Bit Set |
| JBC | Jump if Bit Set and Clear Bit |
| JC | Jump if Carry Set |
| JMP | Jump to Address |
| JNB | Jump if Not Bit Set |
| JNC | Jump if Carry Not Set |
| JNZ | Jump if Accumulator Not Zero |
| JZ | Jump if Accumulator Zero |
| LCALL | Long Call |
| LJMP | Long Jump |
| MOV | Move from Memory |
| MOVC | Move from Code Memory |
| MOVX | Move from Extended Memory |
| MUL | Multiply |
| NOP | No Operation |
| ORL | OR Logic |
| POP | Pop Value From Stack |
| PUSH | Push Value Onto Stack |
| RET | Return From Subroutine |
| RETI | Return From Interrupt |
| RL | Rotate Left |
| RLC | Rotate Left through Carry |
| RR | Rotate Right |
| RRC | Rotate Right through Carry |
| SETB | Set Bit |
| SJMP | Short Jump |
| SUBB | Subtract With Borrow |
| SWAP | Swap Nibbles |
| XCH | Exchange Bytes |
| XCHD | Exchange Digits |
| XRL | Exclusive OR Logic |
Sumber : http://www.mikron123.com/index.php/Tutorial-MCS-51/Daftar-Instruksi-Bahasa-Assembly-MCS-51.html
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